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Indications for emergency laparotomy in blunt abdominal trauma
- Peritonism
- Free air under the diaphragm
- Significant gastrointestinal hemorrhage
- Hypotension with positive FAST scan or positive DPL
Indications for emergency laparotomy in penetrating abdominal trauma
- Peritonism
- Free air (in stab wounds may represent the introduction of external air rather than gastrointestinal perforation)
- Evisceration
- Hypotension (hemodynamic instability)
- Gunshot wound traversing peritoneum or retroperitoneum
- GI bleeding following penetrating trauma
- penetrating object is still in situ (risk of precipitous haemorrhage on removal)
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